New Discovery in electronics

Click to know the basic symbols!!!! Table of Electrical Symbols
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SymbolComponent nameMeaning

Wire Symbols

Electrical WireConductor of electrical currentConnected WiresConnected crossingNot Connected WiresWires are not connected

Switch Symbols and Relay Symbols

SPST Toggle SwitchDisconnects current when openSPDT Toggle SwitchSelects between two connectionsPushbutton Switch (N.O)Momentary switch - normally openPushbutton Switch (N.C)Momentary switch - normally closedDIP SwitchDIP switch is used for onboard configurationSPST RelayRelay open / close connection by an electromagnetSPDT RelayJumperClose connection by jumper insertion on pins.Solder BridgeSolder to close connection

Ground Symbols

Earth GroundUsed for zero potential reference and electrical shock protection.Chassis GroundConnected to the chassis of the circuitDigital / Common Ground 

Resistor Symbols

Resistor (IEEE)Resistor reduces the current flow.Resistor (IEC)Potentiometer (IEEE)Adjustable resistor - has 3 terminals.Potentiometer (IEC)Variable Resistor / Rheostat (IEEE)Adjustable resistor - has 2 terminals.Variable Resistor / Rheostat (IEC)Trimmer ResistorPreset resistorThermistorThermal resistor - change resistance when temperature changesPhotoresistor / Light dependent resistor (LDR)Photo-resistor - change resistance with light intensity change

Capacitor Symbols

CapacitorCapacitor is used to store electric charge. It acts as short circuit with AC and open circuit with DC.CapacitorPolarized CapacitorElectrolytic capacitorPolarized CapacitorElectrolytic capacitorVariable CapacitorAdjustable capacitance

Inductor / Coil Symbols

InductorCoil / solenoid that generates magnetic fieldIron Core InductorIncludes ironVariable Inductor 

Power Supply Symbols

Voltage SourceGenerates constant voltageCurrent SourceGenerates constant current.AC Voltage SourceAC voltage sourceGeneratorElectrical voltage is generated by mechanical rotation of the generatorBattery CellGenerates constant voltageBatteryGenerates constant voltageControlled Voltage SourceGenerates voltage as a function of voltage or current of other circuit element.Controlled Current SourceGenerates current as a function of voltage or current of other circuit element.

Meter Symbols

VoltmeterMeasures voltage. Has very high resistance. Connected in parallel.AmmeterMeasures electric current. Has near zero resistance. Connected serially.OhmmeterMeasures resistanceWattmeterMeasures electric power

Lamp / Light Bulb Symbols

Lamp / light bulbGenerates light when current flows throughLamp / light bulbLamp / light bulb

Diode / LED Symbols

DiodeDiode allows current flow in one direction only - left (anode) to right (cathode).Zener DiodeAllows current flow in one direction, but also can flow in the reverse direction when above breakdown voltageSchottky DiodeSchottky diode is a diode with low voltage dropVaractor / Varicap DiodeVariable capacitance diodeTunnel Diode Light Emitting Diode (LED)LED emits light when current flows throughPhotodiodePhotodiode allows current flow when exposed to light

Transistor Symbols

NPN Bipolar TransistorAllows current flow when high potential at base (middle)PNP Bipolar TransistorAllows current flow when low potential at base (middle)Darlington TransistorMade from 2 bipolar transistors. Has total gain of the product of each gain.JFET-N TransistorN-channel field effect transistorJFET-P TransistorP-channel field effect transistorNMOS TransistorN-channel MOSFET transistorPMOS TransistorP-channel MOSFET transistor

Misc. Symbols

MotorElectric motorTransformerChange AC voltage from high to low or low to high.Electric bellRings when activatedBuzzerProduce buzzing soundFuseThe fuse disconnects when current above threshold. Used to protect circuit from high currents.FuseBusContains several wires. Usually for data / address.BusBusOptocoupler / Opto-isolatorOptocoupler isolates connection to other boardLoudspeakerConverts electrical signal to sound wavesMicrophoneConverts sound waves to electrical signalOperational AmplifierAmplify input signalSchmitt TriggerOperates with hysteresis to reduce noise.Analog-to-digital converter (ADC)Converts analog signal to digital numbersDigital-to-Analog converter (DAC)Converts digital numbers to analog signalCrystal OscillatorUsed to generate precise frequency clock signal

Antenna Symbols

Antenna / aerialTransmits & receives radio wavesAntenna / aerialDipole AntennaTwo wires simple antenna

Logic Gates Symbols

NOT Gate (Inverter)Outputs 1 when input is 0AND GateOutputs 1 when both inputs are 1.NAND GateOutputs 0 when both inputs are 1. (NOT + AND)OR GateOutputs 1 when any input is 1.NOR GateOutputs 0 when any input is 1. (NOT + OR)XOR GateOutputs 1 when inputs are different. (Exclusive OR)D Flip-FlopStores one bit of dataMultiplexer / Mux 2 to 1Connects the output to  selected input line.Multiplexer / Mux 4 to 1Demultiplexer / Demux 1 to 4Connects selected output to the input line. Contact our admin engr Rich on 08108397661